我们，出席联合国粮农组织渔业委员会第三十四届会议（2021年2月，罗马）的代表联合国粮农组织成员的部长和全权代表、成员组织和准成员，纪念1995年10月31日联合国粮农组织大会第4/95号决议通过的《负责任渔业行为守则》25周年，
忆及《2030年可持续发展议程》的目标是消除各地贫困和饥饿，注意到世界未能就实现“零饥饿”取得足够进展，2019年有近7.5亿人面临严重粮食不安全，而每四名未满五岁的儿童中就有一名长期营养不良，
认识到渔业和水产养殖在支持各国实现可持续发展，尤其是在消除贫困、饥饿和营养不良方面的作用，同时铭记该部门取得了持续积极增长，2018年为人类直接消费提供了3200万吨水生植物和1.56亿吨鱼类，比1950年增加了6倍，为33亿人提供了近20%的人均动物蛋白摄入量，
同时注意到《议程》关于养护和可持续利用海洋和海洋资源促进可持续发展的第十四项可持续发展目标，以及根据可持续和包容性海洋经济，可持续管理渔业在实现生物多样性成果方面的关键作用，
进一步认识到妇女对所有可持续发展目标至关重要，尤其是推动实现贫困和弱势家庭粮食安全和改善营养，以及渔业和水产养殖部门能够为妇女创造更多机会，
承认手工和小规模渔业和水产养殖在消除贫困、提供生计以及确保当地社区粮食安全和营养需求方面的重要作用和贡献，
关切地注意到2019冠状病毒病疫情有可能加剧贫困、饥饿和营养不良，包括对渔业和水产养殖造成前所未有的影响，
认识到65.4%的鱼类种群在生物可持续水平内捕捞，在渔业得到有效管理的地方，种群状况优于目标水平或正在重建，而在渔业管理效果欠佳的地方，种群状况和趋势较差，
关切地注意到渔业管理的改善不足以扭转全球过度捕捞鱼类种群下降的趋势，因为联合国粮农组织监测的所有海洋鱼类种群中有34.2%目前的捕捞水平超出了生物可持续限度，自1974年开始监测以来增加了两倍，
认识到执行有效渔业管理措施面临复杂、多维度和因区域而异的挑战，往往是由于支持基于科学决定的数据不足，以及机构和人员能力有限，强调需要在国家管辖范围内外水域开展协调一致的努力，不仅包括养护措施，还包括能力建设和支持，对小岛屿发展中国家和最不发达国家尤其如此，
进一步认识到可持续渔业管理需要在生态系统和谨慎方法框架内将渔业纳入更广泛的规划和海洋治理框架，并加强政治意愿和能力，改善现有政策框架的落实，
认识到水产养殖是过去五十年来增长最快的食物生产行业，自1960年以来使全球人均鱼类消费量翻了一番，并在为不断增长的人口提供食物和生计方面做出越发突出的贡献，进一步认识到需要确保该部门促进可持续饲料来源和可持续发展，包括通过改善水生健康和生物安保、减少疫病负担以及鼓励负责任和谨慎使用抗微生物药物，
注意到不断变化的气候和海洋条件给渔业和水产养殖带来的重大挑战，尤其是在水温升高、缺氧和水生环境酸化影响到许多区域鱼类种群分布和丰度的情况下，迫切需要通过创新、包容、有效和适应性强的渔业管理措施，以及[包括通过使用有效的基于时间和区域的保护和管理工具，包括酌情采用保护区[及其他有效的基于区域的保护措施]]，确保健康和多产的生态系统，以应对挑战，
进一步注意到，如管理得当，应对挑战的同时也可以创造机会，包括渔业和水产养殖可通过采用节能做法为减少排放做出贡献，
承认迫切需要采取有针对性的行动，确保水生食物5和产品继续提供包容、有效和可持续途径，以减少贫穷、保障生计并巩固粮食安全和营养，这对实现《2030年议程》中设定的目标至关重要，
注意到1995年《负责任渔业行为守则》旨在为负责任捕鱼和渔业活动包括水产养殖发展制定原则，以确保负责任地养护、管理和开发水生生物资源，
我们
1）重申致力于实现《负责任渔业行为守则》目标，以及酌情有效执行自《负责任渔业行为守则》通过以来制定的相关有约束力和无约束力的渔业和水产养殖国际工具和文书，
2）承认为扩大最近在渔业可持续性方面取得的成功，我们需要在各区域实施和改进渔业评估和管理系统，尤其是在鱼类种群状况下降或未知的区域，包括通过协调的能力建设计划，解决发展中国家的需求和优先事项，特别关注数据匮乏区域，并努力缩小数字鸿沟，
3）认识到我们需要加强科学基础，支持渔业和水产养殖管理决策，包括通过使用电子监测和报告等新技术，促进国际科学合作，尤其是跨学科研究、能力建设、教育和培训，并确保在决策过程中适当考虑现有最佳科学和基于部门的建议，同时考虑到“2021-2030年联合国海洋科学促进可持续发展十年”，
4）重申生态系统方法作为整合养护和可持续利用目标有效框架的重要性，并促进在所有水生系统中应用符合各类资源和生境复杂性和独特性的管理措施，减少海洋垃圾、遗弃、丢失或以其他方式丢弃渔具的影响，减少丢弃物和兼捕问题，并取缔有害的捕捞做法，
5）认识到水产养殖促进进一步增长的潜力，尤其是通过支持环境管理的创新做法，以及新的和正在进行的包容性可持续水产养殖发展计划的好处，以及需要投资以支持能力建设、研究和推广服务，特别关注人口增长对粮食体系造成最大挑战的区域，
6）重申国际合作治理机制的重要性，以帮助改善可持续渔业和水产养殖，保护海洋环境，包括酌情支持执行国际文书，如《联合国海洋法公约》及其《执行1982年12月10日<联合国海洋法公约>有关养护和管理跨界鱼类种群和高度洄游鱼类种群的规定的协定》和联合国粮农组织《预防、制止和消除非法、不报告、不管制捕鱼港口国措施协定》及配套文书，包括通过支持相关基金，以减少过度捕捞和非法、不报告和不管制捕鱼，
7）继续致力于酌情加强区域渔业机构和区域渔业管理组织的养护和管理制度，并提高绩效，以加强渔业治理，更好地养护和恢复海洋生态系统及生物多样性，同时更有效地促进粮食安全；建设可持续粮食体系；打击非法、不报告和不管制捕鱼；推动可持续增长和就业，
8）鼓励消费根据适用养护和管理措施捕捞的来自可持续渔业和水产养殖的鱼类、水生植物及其产品，认识到它们是地球上最健康的食物，尤其是消费未充分利用的资源，同时认识到水温升高、缺氧和水生环境酸化预计将迅速改变目标和非目标鱼类物种在海洋和内陆水域的生产力和当前分布，
9）促进支持和承认小规模渔业和水产养殖在粮食安全、就业和收入方面贡献的政策，改进数据收集系统，尤其是小规模和手工渔业数据，进一步支持小规模渔民和渔农进入当地、国家和国际市场，确保小规模渔业和水产养殖产品公平和非歧视性贸易，包括通过落实《粮食安全和消除贫困背景下保障可持续小规模渔业自愿准则》（《小规模渔业准则》）。
10）确保在国家、区域和全球粮食安全和营养战略中充分考虑鱼类，并促进粮食体系的长期可持续性，以消除饥饿和解决营养不良三重负担，并减少膳食相关疾病，
11）通过采取适当的行动，包括根据各国国情、能力和优先重点提高认识、开展教育培训，执行国际商定标准，尤其是安全和质量标准，鼓励减少捕捞前和捕捞后损失和浪费，包括丢弃物，以改善鱼类加工、分销和消费，从而提高鱼类产品价值，支持可持续和包容性海洋经济发展，
12）认识到基于规则、开放、非歧视和公平的渔业和水产养殖产品贸易的重要性，通过在相关区域和多边论坛开展合作，禁止助长产能过剩和过度捕捞的某些形式的渔业补贴，以及消除助长非法、不报告和不管制捕鱼的补贴，并确保贸易和技术措施透明、基于科学建议、非歧视、符合国际商定规则和标准，且不会导致非关税壁垒或破坏养护措施，
13）与包括国际劳工组织和国际海事组织在内的其他相关国际组织合作，促进该部门所有人获得安全、健康和公平的工作条件，支持防止和制止强迫劳动，促进渔民和水产养殖户及其社区获得社会保护计划，支持改善海上安全措施，努力提高该部门所有人的生活水平，
14）通过基于性别的政策，推动妇女充分进入渔业和水产养殖部门并享有平等机会，采取有效行动反对工作场所的歧视和虐待，促进妇女获得教育培训、技术、信贷、创业机会和自然资源，在各层面提供平等机会，包括领导和决策机会，并打击不利于妇女的系统性性别不平等，从而确保为妇女赋权，
15）支持实施综合协调的多部门、循证和基于生态系统的管理方法，以及时间和空间规划，注意到我们的努力将在海洋和内陆水生系统面临越来越大的外部压力的背景下实施，如各种形式的污染、无管制的做法、自然灾害、气候变化、生物多样性丧失、海洋和沿海地区使用竞争加剧以及对淡水和土地获取的其他需求。
我们认为，以上所述支持了21世纪渔业和水产养殖不断发展的积极愿景，该部门对消除贫困、饥饿和营养不良的贡献，对准备和应对不断变化的气候和海洋条件的能力以及对可持续性的承诺得到充分认可。
我们建议在联合国粮农组织渔业委员会（渔委）管理下进一步发展这一新愿景，渔委将作为讨论和决定渔业及水产养殖相关问题的主要全球论坛，进一步加强参与式和基于科学的解决方案。
We, the Ministers and Plenipotentiaries representing FAO Members, Member Organizations, and Associated Members at the 34th meeting of the FAO Committee of Fisheries (Rome, February 2021), and celebrating the 25th anniversary of the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF), adopted in Resolution 4/95 by the FAO Conference on 31 October 1995,
Recalling the goal of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to end poverty and hunger everywhere, and Noting that the world is not on track to achieve Zero Hunger, with close to 750 million people exposed to severe levels of food insecurity in 2019, while one in four children under 5 remain chronically malnourished,
Recognizing fisheries and aquaculture’s role in supporting countries to achieve sustainable development, particularly in the fight against poverty, hunger, and malnutrition, bearing in mind the continuous positive growth of the sector, which in 2018 contributed 32 million tonnes of aquatic plants, as well as 156 million tonnes of fish for direct human consumption, which is a 7-fold increase from 1950, and provides 3.3 billion people with almost 20 percent of their average per capita intake of animal protein,
Noting also the Agenda’s Sustainable Development Goal 14 to conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development, and the critical role sustainably managed fisheries have in achieving biological diversity outcomes, in line with sustainable and inclusive ocean economies,
Recognizing further that women are critical to all Sustainable Development Goals, in particular as agents in achieving food security and improved nutrition in poor and vulnerable households, and the fisheries and aquaculture sector’s potential for growth in opportunities for women,
Acknowledging the important role and contribution of artisanal and small-scale fisheries and aquaculture in poverty eradication and in providing livelihoods, as well as ensuring food security and nutritional needs of local communities,
Noting with concern that the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to aggravate poverty, hunger and malnutrition, including an unprecedented impact on the fisheries and aquaculture sector,
Recognizing that 65.4 percent of fish stocks are fished within biologically sustainable levels, that where fisheries are effectively managed stocks are above target levels or rebuilding, while where fisheries management is less effective, stock status and trends are worse,
Noting with concern that fisheries management improvements have not been sufficient to reverse the global declining trend of overfished stocks, as 34.2 percent of all marine fish stocks monitored by FAO are currently fished beyond biological sustainable limits, a threefold increase since monitoring started in 1974,
Recognizing that challenges in implementing effective fisheries management measures are complex, region-specific and multidimensional, and are often due to insufficient data to support science-based decisions, as well as limited institutional and human capacity, highlighting the need for a concerted effort in waters within and beyond national jurisdiction that does not only encompass conservation measures but also capacity-building and support, particularly for small island developing states and least developed countries,
Recognizing further that sustainable fisheries management requires integrating fisheries into broader planning and ocean governance frameworks, within the context of the ecosystem and precautionary approaches, and strengthening the political will and capacity to improve the implementation of existing policy frameworks,
Recognizing that aquaculture has been the fastest growing food production industry over the last 5 decades, is responsible for the doubling of global per capita fish consumption since 1960, and is making increasing contributions to the provision of food and livelihoods for a growing population,
recognizing further the need to ensure that the sector promotes sustainable feed sources, and develops in a sustainable manner, including by improving aquatic health and biosecurity, reducing the burden of disease and encouraging the responsible and prudent use of antimicrobials,
Noting that the significant challenges posed to the fisheries and aquaculture sectors by changing climate and ocean conditions, in particular where warming water temperatures, deoxygenation, and acidification in aquatic environments are already impacting the distribution and abundance of fish stocks in many regions, there is an urgent need to address these through innovative, inclusive, effective and adaptive fisheries management measures, and by ensuring healthy and productive ecosystems, including through the use, based on the best available scientific information, of effective time and area-based management tools, providing for conservation and sustainable use of fish stocks, including, where appropriate, in accordance with international law and national legislation, protected areas.
Further noting that, if well managed, our response to these challenges can also generate opportunities, including that the fisheries and aquaculture sector can contribute to the reduction of emissions, through the employment of energy-efficient practices,
Acknowledging that urgent targeted action is needed to ensure aquatic foods and products continue to provide inclusive, effective and sustainable pathways to reduce poverty, secure livelihoods and underpin food security and nutrition, as vital to achieving the goals set in Agenda 2030, and
Noting that the purpose of 1995 CCRF was to establish principles for responsible fishing and fisheries activities, including aquaculture development, with a view to ensuring the responsible conservation, management and development of living aquatic resources,
We
1) Reiterate our commitment to the objectives of the CCRF, and to the effective implementation of relevant binding and non-binding fisheries and aquaculture international tools and instruments elaborated since the CCRF was adopted, as appropriate,
2) Acknowledge that in order to scale up recent fisheries sustainability successes we need to implement and improve fisheries assessment and management systems in all regions, particularly in those where fish stock status is declining or unknown, including through coordinated capacity building programmes that address the needs and priorities of developing countries, with particular attention to data-poor regions and towards reducing the digital divide,
3) Recognize that we need to strengthen the scientific basis in support of fisheries and aquaculture management decisions, including through the use of new technology, such as electronic monitoring and reporting, and the promotion of international scientific cooperation, especially transdisciplinary research, capacity-building, education and training, and ensuring that the best available scientific, sector-based advice is duly considered in the decision-making process, taking into account the 2021-2030 United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development,
4) Reiterate the importance of the ecosystem approach as an effective framework for integrating conservation and sustainable utilization objectives, and promote the application of management measures across all aquatic systems, consistent with the complexity and uniqueness of each resource and habitat, and to reduce the impact of marine litter, abandoned, lost or otherwise discarded fishing gear (ALDFG), reduce discards and by-catch issues and eliminate harmful fishing practices,
5) Recognize the potential of aquaculture for further growth, particularly through innovative practices which support environmental stewardship, as well as the benefits of new and ongoing inclusive sustainable aquaculture development programmes, and the need for investments to support capacity building, research and extension services, with a particular attention to regions where population growth will challenge food systems most,
6) Reiterate the importance of international cooperative governance mechanisms to help improve sustainable fisheries and aquaculture and protect the ocean environment, including supporting efforts to implement international instruments, where applicable, such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and its 1995 UN Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the UNCLOS of 10 December 1982 relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks (Fish Stocks Agreement) and the FAO Agreement on Port State Measures and complementary instruments to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) fishing, including by supporting their associated funds, in order to reduce overfishing and IUU fishing,
7) Remain committed to strengthening, where applicable, the conservation and management regimes of Regional Fisheries Bodies and Regional Fisheries Management Organizations, and improve their performance to enhance fisheries governance and better preserve and restore marine ecosystems and biodiversity, while more effectively contributing to food security; sustainable food systems; the fight against IUU fishing; as well as sustainable growth and jobs,
8) Encourage the consumption of fish, aquatic plants and their products derived from sustainable fisheries and aquaculture, caught in accordance with applicable conservation and management measures, recognizing they are among the healthiest foods on the planet, and especially the consumption of underutilized resources, while acknowledging that warming water temperatures, deoxygenation, and acidification in aquatic environments is expected to rapidly change the productivity and current distribution of target and non-target fish species in the ocean, seas and inland waters,
9) Promote policies that support and recognize the contribution of small-scale fisheries and aquaculture in food security, employment and income, improve data collection systems, especially from small scale and artisanal fisheries, and further support the access of small-scale fishers and fish farmers to local, national, and international markets, ensuring equitable and nondiscriminatory trade for small-scale fisheries and aquaculture products, including through the implementation of the FAO Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Small Scale Fisheries (VGSSF).
10) Ensure that fish are fully considered in national, regional and global food security and nutrition strategies, and contribute to the long-term sustainability of food systems to eliminate hunger and address the triple burden of malnutrition, and reducing diet-related diseases,
11) Encourage the reduction of pre- and post-harvest loss and waste in the sector, including discards, by implementing internationally agreed standards through appropriate actions, including awareness building, education and training, according to national context, capacities and priorities, in particular, safety and quality standards, to improve fish processing, distribution and consumption, thereby also increasing the value of fish products in support of sustainable and inclusive ocean economies,
12) Recognize the importance of rule based, open, non-discriminatory and equitable trade of fisheries and aquaculture products, through cooperation in relevant regional and multilateral fora, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, and eliminate subsidies that contribute to IUU fishing and by ensuring that trade and technical measures are transparent, based on scientific advice, non-discriminatory, consistent with internationally agreed rules and standards, and do not result in non-tariff barriers or undermine conservation measures,
13) Promote the attainment of safe, healthy and fair working conditions for all in the sector, support efforts to prevent and halt forced labour, facilitate access to social protection programmes for fishers and aquaculture producers and their communities, support measures to improve safety at sea, and work towards enhancing the standards of living for all in the sector, in cooperation with other relevant international organizations, including the International Labour Organization and the International Maritime Organization,
14) Ensure women’s empowerment by enhancing women’s full access to and equal opportunities in the fisheries and aquaculture sector through gender-based policies, taking effective action against discrimination and abuse in the workplace, facilitating women’s access to education and training, technology, credit, entrepreneurship opportunities, natural resources, and providing equal opportunities at all levels, including for leadership and decision making, and by combating systemic gender inequalities that disadvantage women,
15) Support the implementation of integrated and coordinated multi-sectoral, evidence and ecosystem based management approaches, as well as temporal and spatial planning, noting that our efforts would be implemented in the context of growing external pressures in marine and inland aquatic systems, such as pollution in all its forms, unregulated practices, natural disasters, climate change, biodiversity loss, increased competition for the use of marine and coastal areas and other demands over freshwater and land access.
We conclude that the above supports an evolving and positive vision for fisheries and aquaculture in the 21st century, where the sector is fully recognized for its contribution to fighting poverty, hunger and malnutrition, its ability to prepare for and respond to changing climate and ocean conditions, and its commitment to sustainability.
We recommend that the further development of this new vision, as appropriate, be placed under the stewardship of the FAO Committee of Fisheries (COFI), as the main global forum for discussions and decisions on fisheries and aquaculture-related issues, to further strengthen participatory and sciencebased solutions.